Conditions Of Polish Industry Innovativeness

Abstract

One of the measures of Polish economy development, including its innovativeness and competitiveness is the level of gross domestic expenditures on research and development activity, so called GERD in relation to gross domestic product, i.e. GDP. Poland assigns for R&D one tenth of expenditures, which are assigned by countries with the highest index GERD/GDP: USA and Japan. Scientific and research-development units in our country are characterised by a relatively low level of investment expenditures. As a result, small rebuild scientific-research apparatus and high level of its wear occur. The level of expenditures on R&D per capita in Poland and small share of industry in financing research are reasons of still unsatisfactory pace of decreasing the distance between Poland and well - developed countries (including the EU countries). Lack of mechanisms encouraging industry to greater participation in expenditures on R&D destimulates innovativeness and competitiveness of economy. The paper presents indexes characterising the innovative potential of Polish economy against the background of selected countries. It analyses positive aspects and barriers of innovativeness growth. These problems make a subject of many years research and analyses carried out by authors presented among others in works [1], [2]. The paper described some trends and conditions occurring in Polish economy undergoing transformation. It presents an example of using a method of artificial neural networks in modelling innovativeness in industry on an example of the innovation intensity index. Research method proposed by authors, carried out with the use of a method of artificial neural networks confirm that positive trends concerning Polish industry innovativeness in the first years of the XXI century are maintained.